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August 31, 2008

A Wake-up Call For Educators Of At-risk Youth

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: , , , — admin @ 7:57 am

Universal Greetings with Respect,

It would be a travesty of justice to approach the subject of At-Risk Youth without addressing how people of color are affected since the largest number of At-Risk Youth are of color. Three primary areas of concern are:

1.Our higher rate of incarceration, from juvenile to state penitentiaries, compared to our white counterparts.

2.Our limited access to affordable and quality health care.

3.The lack of appropriate pay for qualified teachers to work in economically deprived areas with our at-risk youth–the “shadow kids.”

I am aware that it is impossible for a single person to speak to all of the opinions, experiences and ideologies of a race of people however, is my desire to express as much as I am able based upon my exposure.

As a Black man living in America it is obvious that I (We) are attending way too many funerals of our youth. Yet there is a greater number of youth who are physically alive according to medical sources, but to those of us who know them, we know that they are dying–spiritually, intellectually and emotionally due to the infestation of negativity and mis-education. We have some of the most physically overweight and unhealthy people in some of the most economically deprived communities (“When you control a man’s thinking you don’t have to control his actions.”–Carter Woodson) and those numbers are growing exponentially.

As a member of the group known as African Americans, we are a very resilient people with unlimited potential who possess a rich culture. We exist on the shoulders of giants such as Shaka Zulu, Marcus Garvey, Harriet Tubman, Fannie Lou Hamer, Martin Luther King Jr., El Hajj Malik Shabazz and multitudes more whose names we don’t know and whose history we have not studied, excluding minimal discussions which are condoned during the so-called Black History month.

However, in spite of all things considered, many fighters for our at-risk youth become co-opted and silenced by the need to keep insurance, pay mortgages, car notes, win friends and influence people. It is not popular to be race-specific in our empowerment and teaching methods, although the disproportion in our detention centers, alternative schools and among at-risk youth is, race-specific. In attempts to be politically correct, all inclusive and non-offensive, we have watered downed, generalized and broad-brushed our approach to where the core of the message, if still present at all, is having little effect.

We have developed individual wealth and collective poverty. We have spread throughout the Diaspora and become disconnected in our own homes. In communities of color, the definition of success has been too often defined by material possessions over quality of life; excessive alcohol consumption under the illusion of living the good life; a pervasion of music in our community that denigrates our women and causes our sense of brotherhood among males to be degenerated into a hatred of self and kind. Then we, as adults, award and reward the musical artist with top ratings, air play, movie deals and unsupervised time with our children, in the name of freedom. The results of this mentality are displayed in the local newspapers, evening news and our local funeral homes.

The good news is although this is not an easy task we, as individuals and as a nation, have overcome monumental challenges in our past and present when our cause was more critical than the consequences that we would face. The result is that many one time at-risk youth have turned out successful in spite of all the challenges.

We must work to close the generational divide. Effective education must include the parents or whoever are their caregivers. What harvester would complain of the fruit without ever giving attention to the tree? Also we don’t have to be a part of an organization to get started moving towards adjusting the mindset (even though that helps). We can begin in our homes, in our classrooms, and within our own circle of influence. We need a paradigm shift. Of course this has to first begin with us.

All we need are three things:

1)A sincere desire to change the current situation. (Of course you have to realize that whatever effects one of us directly affects us all indirectly.)

2)The willingness to make a plan and follow it. (This cannot be a quick fix, microwave or sprint-like approach. This is a slow-cooker, a marathon, a lifetime change.) And,

3)The willingness to put in the required work. (It ain’t over till it’s over!)

“The Way of R.E.S.P.E.C.T.” encourages and promotes an approach of:

•Remembering your ancestors, to close the gap between generations.

•Elevating your understanding of yourself, your students and the challenges that both face.

•Staying Strong and Staying Ready–physically, spiritually, emotionally and intellectually.

•Pursuing your dreams with passion (finding what matters not just what works).

•Encouraging each other; creating a support system.

•Creating opportunities for success instead of waiting for opportunities to knock at the door.

•Then teaching others what you know. It becomes stronger the more you share it.

For my brothers and sisters of color and all those who work with children and families of color, I share this quote from Marcus Garvey: “Others have had the advantage of organization for centuries, so what seems to them unnecessary, from a racial point of view, becomes necessary to us, who have had to labor all along under the disadvantage of being scattered without a racial aim or purpose.”

“Until lions tell their tale, the story of the hunt will always glorify the hunter.”

African Proverb

Respect,

Marcus “Dr. Respect” Gentry

August 30, 2008

A Useful Home Schooling Article

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: — admin @ 12:42 pm

Interest in home schooling has been growing. In fact, More and more families want to try out this seemingly novel method of teaching and educating children. Home schooling provides many benefits for families as well as the home school students. Some may be new to the concept but it is not that totally new.

The method of trying to educate children at home has its origins at the time when schools were limited in number, with students far outnumbering the capacity of schools, if at all available in the community. It may have been hard to believe, but there were times long ago that most countries were not capable of having the younger population educated. Then it was an absolute necessity for parents to have their children home schooled.

Back then, sometime between the 18th and 19th centuries, home schooling was the primary educational force that has helped advance every child’s learning until he grew up into an adult. During those times, the child’s education was limited to how much their parents can teach them.

That is why during the 19th century, with all the progress going on all over the world, it has been realized that the government should have to take the responsibility of providing education for its growing population. This resulted in the government building more and more schools to accommodate more students. Then compulsory education was established in order to make more students go to the new schools to get their education. This development brought home education to slowly fade away. But all is not lost.

At present, home schooling has brought a bit of resurgence in its appeal of providing more personalized education to children. More and more parents have become fond of the idea of having more control of what their children learn. More and more parents want to be more active in their children’s education. And most of all, more and more parents want to spend some more time to be close to their children and home schooling can afford them to do that.

If you are also interested in knowing more about home schooling, there many articles available for you online that would educate you more on how such a method of teaching can benefit you and your child. These articles would also be able to provide you with the different home schooling methods available that you could try out. Home schooling is one alternative that you can consider if you are looking for other alternatives in educating the young. The benefits and the system being followed by home education might just be the method tailor-made for your circumstances.

August 29, 2008

A Technology Degree Will Secure A Great Career

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: — admin @ 9:03 am

Now more than ever, information technology is booming. The advancements in the past few years have surpassed anything else in the industry. And this trend is almost guaranteed to continue to rise over the years.

There are many exciting career opportunities that you can get with a technology degree such as network engineering, database management or even becoming a computer technician. Therefore, choosing the technology degree that is best for you is crucial to your future success. There are a lot of qualified colleges and learning facilities that will give you the tools you need.

There is great interest in these types of jobs, so it is important to get the best training. Most institutions that offer a technology degree program will have the necessary hands on training that you need to succeed. They will also be able to work with you to make sure you find the career that is best for you.

If you have a love for computers and technology, then you have a great starting point. The next step is acquiring the skills and tools that are necessary for you to be able to turn that love into a lucrative career. Upon receiving your technology degree, you will be qualified to work in a wide variety of information technology fields.

With the amount of Internet based crimes on the rise, a career working in network security can be a great plan. Hackers are always finding new tricks to get access to secure information. If you worked in network security, you would always have to stay one step ahead of the hackers. This can be a fun and challenging position.

Depending on what course you take, you will be able to obtain recognized certifications such as Microsoft’s MCSE, MCSA, or MCAD. These types of certifications make it much easier to secure that dream job. With a technology degree, you will be trained to earn all kinds of recognized certifications.

If you lean more toward being an entrepreneur, you will learn ways you can start your own technology related business. With a technology degree, you will be able to figure out exactly what business idea is best for you.

This can be anything from making websites for companies, fixing computers or any other kind of independent contracting. The sky will be the limit because you will have such a wide variety of career options to choose from. And since you will have the training and skills that are necessary, you will be able to choose which area of information technology to work in.

It is important to have an understanding of what you are looking for in your career. This way, you will be able to gear your studies in the direction of what career path you want to take. Since there is such flexibility in this industry, it is important to set specific goals. Your instructors will be able to help you make these decisions.

By looking at your skills and strengths, they will be able to send you in the right direction. They will also be able to tell you what types of careers you should avoid. These instructors are always of very high quality who know all there is to know about the ever-changing technology sector.

No matter what type of career you are looking for, a degree will pave the way for your success. Pursuing one of the many technology degree programs now offered is a great investment in your future.

August 28, 2008

A Taste Of China

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: , , — admin @ 5:38 pm

The Seattle schools have a new “guest” teacher. Zhu Dan arrived in the Seattle schools in January and will stay for an 18-month guest teacher program. Dan, who teaches college-level English in her native Kunming, China, has the option to extend her stay for another year.

Dan is one of 34 guest teachers in 19 states that are participating in a new partnership between China’s institute Hanban and the College Board, a nonprofit organization that administers the Advanced Placement exams and SAT testing). Plans are for an additional 100 guest teachers across the United States by this summer and 250 by 2009. The partnership is part of China’s large-scale effort to promote the Mandarin language and getting people in other countries to learn it.

This is the perfect program for many Pacific Coast states that do a lot of business with China. Chief Sealth High School principal John Boyd traveled to China as part of a Hanban program and was inspired to offer a course in Mandarin to his Seattle schools students. He and Noah Zeichner, who heads up the high school world language program, wanted to expand the international focus in his Seattle school. They already have a student exchange program from Chongqing, China.

Zhu Dan teaches the Mandarin language in three Seattle schools &ndash Denny Middle, Madison Middle, and Chief Sealth High Schools. While the institute Hanban pays her a stipend, the Seattle schools provide housing, airfare and cover other fees. Dan is residing with Sealth teacher Frank Cantwell and his family.

Dan applied for the guest teacher program for three reasons &ndash to improve her own English skills, to help Americans understand more about China and its culture, and to help get the program started within the Seattle schools. She wants to leave her students with enough knowledge of the Mandarin language to survive a trip to her country.

Before traveling to the United States and the Seattle schools, Dan had to take a two-week crash course in Beijing. It covered our culture and education system, our money system, and how to write a check (something seldom done in China).

Many of her Seattle schools students took her course, because it sounded interesting. Others have friends or family members who speak Mandarin. Within her first two weeks of instruction, Dan’s Seattle schools students could count to ten in Mandarin, pronounce the Chinese names she gave them, work through the pronunciation drills and vocabulary exercises given them, and sing a song about the Chinese New Year to the song “My Darlin’ Clementine”. Additionally, Dan shares her Chinese culture with the students, making her classes even more interesting.

Besides the guest teacher program, many Seattle schools now are offering instruction in Mandarin, as well as Advanced Placement courses in Chinese and the AP testing that earns college credit for the Seattle schools students who pass. For this year, Dan’s Mandarin class at Sealth High School meets after school. It will be part of the normal, daytime curriculum in the fall. Principal Boyd is encouraging elementary schools within his area of the Seattle schools to apply together for a second guest teacher for the Mandarin language.

August 27, 2008

BAROMETER

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: — admin @ 8:31 am

A barometer is a device for measuring atmospheric pressure.The average atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1 atmosphere, which is the pressure that will support a column of mercury 760mm (29.92 inches) high, i.e., about 1Kg/cm2 (14.71 1b./in2 ). This would correspond to the pressure exerted by a column of air about 5 miles (8 Km) high if its density were constant and equal to that at sea level.This explains why the barometric pressure on the top of a mountain is, say, 10,000 ft. (3000m) high, the column of air pressing down at the top is only about 3 miles (assuming constant density).

Actually the atmospheric pressure at any particular altitude is never constant, but varies by relatively small amounts about the average.These variations provide data for weather forecasts. When a rubber suction pad is pressed against a smooth wall, it will remain adhering to the wall. By pressing the pad down flat against the wall surface the air is expelled from the cavity under the pad and a vacuum is formed there.

The air pressure which originally acted in that cavity now no longer thrusts against the inside of the pad. When the latter is released, it will remain in the compressed position because the air pressure acts on the outside only and thus presses the edge of the pad down so firmly that no air will penetrate into the cavity, which therefore remains void of air.

The external air pressure thus keeps the suction pad firmly pressed against the wall. Difference of air pressure is also utilised when we drink a liquid through a straw. Air is sucked out of the straw , and the barometric air pressure, which acts upon the surface of the liquid in the glass, will force the liquid up through the straw.

If a long glass tube, which is sealed at one end and open at the other, is filled with mercury and is then stood upright, with the open end downwards, in a dish containing mercury, then so much mercury will flow out of the tube until a column of mercury not more than 760 mm in height above the mercury surface in the dish remains. The air pressure which acts upon the surface of the mercury in the dish is therefore able to hold up a 760 mm high mercury column.

August 26, 2008

A Technology Degree Offers Endless Opportunities

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: — admin @ 7:33 pm

Every minute of every day some new form of technology is being invented. Technology is popping up all over the place and it does not seem to be slowing down anytime soon. Every year companies try to out do each other by coming up with the biggest and best product and knock their competitors out of the water. Now, if you buy a computer, IPod or any other electronic device, it is practically out of date before you even walk out the door of the store because a new company came up with a better idea. This is why the career field of computers and technology continues to grow making room for individuals with a technology degree.

When the IPod was first marketed, people all over the world rushed out to the nearest electronic store to purchase the latest technological craze. As soon as they took that product home and got used to the features, Apple was pushing out a new product, the IPod Nano. This IPod was smaller than the first and had more memory, making it more portable and easier to use. Similar to Apple, video game companies are coming out with new game systems and games before customers are used to the one they already have. With the high turn around of computer games and electronic devices, the need for experts with a technology degree continues to grow. That makes the technology career field one of the fastest growing career fields today.

With a technology degree, individuals can work in many different places and hold various jobs. These jobs include computer programming, network engineering, information technology, database technologies, network security and management information systems. All of these fields offer numerous jobs and opportunities for students. Because of the diverse curriculum and the wealth of knowledge available in these technology programs, students are not stuck in one dead end job for their whole life. Receiving a degree in a technology field allows students flexibility and the ability to adapt to any computer or electronic related career.

There are numerous institutions in the United States that offer a technology degree, but not all of them offer certification in certain programs as well. Not only do employers look for employee candidates who have a degree, they also look for candidates who are knowledgeable, have real world experience and are certified in certain programs. Gaining a certification will set students apart from other candidates who do not have these certifications or real world experience. By obtaining a technology degree, students can become a Cisco Certified Network Associate, a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, a Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator or a Microsoft Certified Application Developer among other certifications.

While obtaining a technology degree, there are also many opportunities for students to gain hands-on experience in the field of computers and electronics. Since there is a large job market in this particular career field, there leaves open the opportunity for a large internship market. Internships are important to students because employers look for individuals with real world experience. This career field is so fast paced that one minute an individual can be programming a computer game and the next minute they can be coming up with a new database. This makes it important to gain as much real world experience as possible before attempting to break into the work force. It is also important for individuals to stay on top of the current technology that is out there. New products come out every day leaving room for new improvements and advancements in technology.

August 25, 2008

A Storm In A Teacup At Miami Dade Public Schools

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: , — admin @ 9:21 pm

Controversy over Book Ban Rattles Miami Schools

Miami Dade Public schools have been rocked by allegations of throwing aside civil liberties in favor of pleasing parts of the local populace. First came the unnecessary controversy over an innocuous children’s book that portrayed life in Cuba from a child’s perspective. The book “A Visit to Cuba” was not a prescribed textbook for young children in Miami schools, rather it was part of the school library. A young Cuban American girl bought the book home and showed it to her father; a Cuban dissident and political prisoner who was upset at the soft picture the book portrayed of life under Castro. He immediately notified the Miami Dade public schools’ authorities who proceed to place the book under a ban. Miami’s strong Cuban American population supported the ban on the book in Miami schools’ arguing that reading the book could create the wrong impression in young children’s minds about the reality of life in Cuba. The American Civil Liberties jumped into the fray and filed a lawsuit against the ban calling it unconstitutional.

Book Ban &ndash A Knee-Jerk Reaction by Miami Schools?

A few weeks later another book found itself at the center of a storm in Miami Dade Public schools. This time it was Cuban Kids, a children’s book that portrayed a couple of Cuban children on the cover dressed in what seem to be Scout uniforms- but are reportedly uniforms of the young revolutionaries, ( a group that all school children in Cuba are required to be members of). Parents of Cuban American children in Miami schools say the book gives young children the impression that the lives of Cuban children is the same as the lives of American children. They argue that young impressionable minds are not able to filter party mouthpiece rhetoric from fact and risk being brainwashed by books like these that do not portray the true picture of life under Castro for students in Miami schools.

The argument seems a little too simplistic. Civil liberties activists and critics of the book ban agree that it would be hypocritical for a country that claims to uphold democratic ideals the way ours does, to allow react with a knee-jerk response to the contents of a book. What, they ask, would be the difference between Castro’s Cuba and the land of the free if the simple decision of whether or not to read a book is taken away from its citizens? While parents of Cuban American children in Miami Dade Public schools, many of them having arrived at this country after extended stays in Cuban prisons, do have a point in being concerned about the impression that their children and others will receive through these books-they don’t need to be. In a situation like this keeping the lines of communication between parents and children open can go a long way to help children separate the grain from the chaff and come away with a true picture of the ground reality in the Communist nation. Banning a book, any book is not the solution.

August 24, 2008

A Simple Guide To Gastroenteritis

Filed under: Uncategorized — admin @ 9:27 pm

What is Gastroenteritis?

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the lining of the intestines caused by a virus, bacteria or parasites resulting in leakage of fluid from the cell into the intestine(diarrhea),abdominal pain and vomiting.

What are the causes of Gastroenteritis?

Viral Gastroenteritis:

The most common cause of Gastroenteritis is Viral.

Rota virus is the leading cause among children 3 to 15 months old and the most common cause of diarrhea in children under the age of 5 years.

Adenovirus occurs mainly in children under the age of 2 years.

Caliciviruses especially the norovirus cause infection in people of all ages.

Astrovirus also infects primarily infants, young children, and the elderly.

Bacterial Gastroenteritis:

The most common cause is the E. coli bacteria, usually mild with diarrhea, abdominal pain and occasional vomiting. It rarely cause fever.

Salmonella, Shigella ,Vibrio cholerae, are more serious bacterial infection causing diarrhea and high fever.

Parasitic Gastroenteritis:

Most common is amoebic dysentery,common in India and Africa.

Other parasitic infection are giardiasis and threadworms.

What are symptoms of Gastroenteritis?

The main symptoms of gastroenteritis are

1. watery diarrhea

2. abdominal pain

3. vomiting

4. headache

5. fever.

6. loss of appetite and energy

Symptoms usually appear within 4 to 48 hours after exposure to the germ and last for 1 to 2 days, though symptoms can last as long as 10 days.

How is Gastroenteritis transmitted?

Gastroenteritis can be highly contagious. The germs are commonly transmitted by people with unwashed hands.

People can get the germs through close contact with infected individuals by sharing their food, drink, or eating utensils, or by eating food or drinking beverages that are contaminated with the germs.

Noroviruses in particular, are typically spread to other people by contact with stool or vomit of infected people and through contaminated water or food especially oysters, prawns, crabs, lobsters, cockleshells from contaminated breeding waters.

How is the diagnosis of Gastroenteritis made?

Doctors generally diagnose gastroenteritis based on the symptoms and a physical examination. Your doctor may ask for a stool sample to test for rotavirus or to rule out bacteria or parasites as the cause of your symptoms.

How is Gastroenteritis treated?

Most cases of viral gastroenteritis resolve without specific treatment.

Antibiotics are not effective against viral infections.

The primary goal of treatment is to reduce the symptoms which may include an antispasmodic drug to stop abdominal cramps, medicine to harden the stools such as kaolin and slow down the intestinal movement (lomotil or loperamide).

Prompt treatment may be needed to prevent dehydration which is the loss of fluids from the body. Important salts or minerals, known as electrolytes, can also be lost with the fluids. Dehydration can be caused by diarrhea, vomiting, excessive urination, excessive sweating, or by not drinking enough fluids because of nausea, difficulty swallowing, or loss of appetite.

The symptoms of dehydration are

excessive thirst

dry mouth

little or no urine or dark yellow urine

sunken eyes

severe weakness or lethargy

dizziness or lightheadedness

Mild dehydration can be treated by drinking liquids.

Severe dehydration may require intravenous fluids and hospitalization.

Untreated severe dehydration can be life threatening especially in babies, young children and the elderly.

The following steps may help relieve the symptoms of gastroenteritis.

1. Allow your gastrointestinal tract to settle by not eating for a few hours.

2. Sip small amounts of clear liquids or suck on ice chips if vomiting is still a problem.

3. Give infants and children oral rehydration solutions to replace fluids and lost electrolytes.

4. Gradually reintroduce food, starting with bland, easy-to-digest food, like porridge or soups.

5. Avoid dairy products, caffeine, and alcohol until recovery is complete.

6. Get plenty of rest.

How is Gastroenteritis prevented?

You can avoid infection by:

1.washing your hands thoroughly for 20 seconds after using the bathroom or changing diapers

2.washing your hands thoroughly for 20 seconds before eating

3.disinfecting contaminated surfaces such as counter tops and baby changing stations

4.Avoid eating or drinking foods or liquids that might be contaminated

August 23, 2008

A Simple Guide To Conjunctivitis

Filed under: Uncategorized — admin @ 3:27 pm

What is Conjunctivitis?

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva(the white of the eye and inner lining of eyelids).

It is one of the most common and treatable eye infections in children and adults.

What causes Conjunctivitis?

Conjunctivitis can be caused by a virus bacteria irritating substances (shampoos, dirt, smoke, and especially pool chlorine) allergens (substances that cause allergies).

Conjunctivitis caused by bacteria, viruses can spread easily from person to person, but is not a serious health risk if diagnosed promptly.

What are the symptoms of Conjunctivitis?

1. Redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelid

2. tears overflowing

3. Yellow discharge that crusts over the eyelashes, especially after sleep. Other discharge from your eye (green or white) .

4. Pain in the eye

5. Itchy eyes (especially in conjunctivitis caused by allergies)

6. Burning eyes (especially in conjunctivitis caused by chemicals and irritants)

7. Blurred vision

8. sensitivity to light

How is Conjunctivitis spread?

Bacterial or viral Conjunctivitis can also be spread through hand contact when rubbing the eyes or touching contact lenses after touching infected skin.

Being around a person who has conjunctivitis and wearing contact lenses may increase your risk of getting conjunctivitis, but the outcome is usually very good with treatment.

How is Conjunctivitis treated?

Bacteria:Conjunctivitis caused by bacteria is treated with antibiotics. The antibiotic can be given as eye drops, ointments, or pills. Eye drops or ointments may need to be applied to the inside of the eyelid three to four times a day for five to seven days.

Virus: No Medicine can treat conjunctivitis caused by a virus. This type of conjunctivitis often results from a common cold. You may, however, help relieve symptoms by applying a cold compress.

Irritating substance:For this type of conjunctivitis, use warm water for five minutes to wash the irritating substance from the eye.

Allergies:Allergy-associated conjunctivitis is treated with antihistamines or when the allergen is determined and removed.

How to relieve symptoms of Conjunctivitis?

1. Protect your eyes from dirt and other irritating substances.

2. Do not use contact lenses, if you wear them.

3. Place cold compresses on your eyes.

4. Wash your face and eyelids with mild soap or baby shampoo and rinse with water to remove irritating substances.

5. Do not rub your eyes with hands that are not washed.

6. Do not use the same bottle of drops in the other eye if it is not infected.

How to prevent spreading Conjunctivitis?

1. Do not touch or rub the infected eye(s).

2. Wash your hands often with soap and warm water.

3. Wash any discharge from your eyes twice a day using a fresh cotton ball or paper towel. Afterwards, discard the cotton ball and wash your hands with soap and warm water.

4. Wash your bed linens, pillowcases, and towels in hot water and detergent.

5. Avoid wearing eye makeup. Don’t share eye makeup with anyone else.

6. Do not wear another person’s contact lens.

7. Wear glasses instead of contact lenses. Throw away disposable lenses or be sure to clean extended wear lenses and all eyewear cases.

8. Avoid sharing common articles such as unwashed towels, cups, and glasses.

9. Wash your hands after applying the eye drops or ointment to your eye or your child’s eye.

10. Do not use eye drops in a non-infected eye that were used for an infected one.

August 22, 2008

A Review On Leo German English Dictionary

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: , , , , , , , — admin @ 5:36 pm

What is the Leo German English Dictionary?

The Leo German-English Dictionary is an online German-English dictionary that runs on three Sun X4100 servers, and was started in 1995 by Achim Jung. Between 1995 and 1999, the principles of the layout, guestbook, forms for contributions, and other basic concepts of the service were developed by Jung and his team, and the vocabulary of the Leo German-English Dictionary grew from a very minuscule number of entries to 170,000 words within this period.

In 2004, the entries count more than 400,000 (symmetrical) entries, equivalent to more than 800,000 conventional dictionary entries. And by the year 2000, the dictionary broke a record of 5,000,000 online queries from users, growing to 5.6 million queries by 2005.

The Leo German English Dictionary and Mobiles:

Besides the online Leo German-English Dictionary, dictionary queries using Short Messaging Service (SMS) was also made available in 2003 in collaboration with burdawireless-GmbH. Not only that, it was also now possible to view the dictionary’s software “dictQuery” (the dictQuery server was installed in 2000) on mobile phones and similar display devices. Then in 2004, a small-screen version of the Leo German-English Dictionary was made available on ‘pda.leo.org’, for users who use handheld devices to access the LEO service.

dictQuery and Lion:

The Leo German-English Dictionary software, dictQuery, was full redeveloped in 2005, with new features such as new design, all services located under the same URL, standardized linking of active and archived forum articles, navigation bar, and other improved solutions. On the other hand, the latest version of Lion software, designed for easy exchange of words with their translations between Windows applications and LEO dictionaries, came out in 2006. Lion is made available download as shareware, or for online purchase. It now supports all LEO dictionaries, including the Leo German-English Dictionary, and words in MS Office documents can now be replaced with translations suggested in the results table using Lion.

Features:

The LEO German-English dictionaries are not available on CD or in print, or for download. It does not include phonetic spelling, conversion tables, a list of common acronyms, prepositions, etc.

Here are the main features of the online Leo German-English Dictionary -

• You can search for expressions by simply entering several words in, and results are displayed according to matching words

• Provides Leo German-English Dictionary toolbars for Integration of the dictionary in operating systems and browsers

• You can use Wrong Entry option to report errors in the Leo German-English Dictionary

• You can suggest a new entry for the Leo German-English Dictionary

• You can link the Leo German-English Dictionary URL on your website with ‘dict.leo.org/’

• Search Tips to help you find out if your settings are correct or if you have used the right search method.

• Vocabulary trainers for learning German vocabularies

• German pronunciation with audio files

• Forum and Archive

• Has include a German-Spanish dictionary

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